February 4 » The city of Macapá in Brazil is founded by Sebastião Veiga Cabral.
May 21 » Ten-year-old Mary Campbell is abducted in Pennsylvania by Lenape during the French and Indian War. She is returned six and a half years later.
June 12 » French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, commences.
June 30 » Seven Years' War: Habsburg Austrian forces destroy a Prussian reinforcement and supply convoy in the Battle of Domstadtl, helping to expel Prussian King Frederick the Great from Moravia.
August 29 » The Treaty of Easton establishes the first American Indian reservation, at Indian Mills, New Jersey, for the Lenape.
December 25 » Halley's Comet is sighted by Johann Georg Palitzsch, confirming Edmund Halley's prediction of its passage. This was the first passage of a comet predicted ahead of time.
Day of marriage August 12, 1777
The temperature on August 12, 1777 was about 25.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
January 15 » American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut (present-day Vermont) declares its independence.
April 27 » American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Ridgefield: A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.
September 26 » American Revolution: British troops occupy Philadelphia.
October 6 » American Revolutionary War: British forces capture Forts Clinton and Montgomery on the Hudson River.
November 17 » Articles of Confederation (United States) are submitted to the states for ratification.
December 19 » American Revolutionary War: George Washington's Continental Army goes into winter quarters at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
Day of death December 4, 1818
The temperature on December 4, 1818 was about 4.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: half bewolkt helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 15 » A paper by David Brewster is read to the Royal Society, belatedly announcing his discovery of what we now call the biaxial class of doubly-refracting crystals. On the same day, Augustin-Jean Fresnel signs a "supplement" (submitted four days later) on reflection of polarized light.
February 5 » Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway.
February 12 » Bernardo O'Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
April 16 » The United States Senate ratifies the Rush–Bagot Treaty, limiting naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain.
April 19 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
April 20 » The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jan De Backer, "Family tree De Backer - Evers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-backer-evers/I11418.php : accessed February 23, 2026), "Jacobus Franciscus Sanders (1758-1818)".
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