The temperature on July 29, 1865 was about 21.3 °C. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 63%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 19 » American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. By the end of the battle two days later, Confederate forces had retreated from Four Oaks, North Carolina.
April 2 » American Civil War: Defeat at the Third Battle of Petersburg forces the Army of Northern Virginia and the Confederate government to abandon Richmond, Virginia.
April 3 » American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
May 9 » American Civil War: Nathan Bedford Forrest surrenders his forces at Gainesville, Alabama.
May 17 » The International Telegraph Union (later the International Telecommunication Union) is established in Paris.
July 30 » The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
Day of marriage June 9, 1886
The temperature on June 9, 1886 was about 17.7 °C. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 29 » Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.
March 1 » The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
March 29 » John Pemberton brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta.
August 31 » The 7.0 Mw Charleston earthquake affects southeastern South Carolina with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Sixty people killed with damage estimated at $5–6 million.
September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death February 25, 1938
The temperature on February 25, 1938 was between -1.3 °C and 11.7 °C and averaged 4.5 °C. There was 8.7 hours of sunshine (82%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
April 10 » The 1938 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for a single list of Nazi candidates and the recent annexation of Austria.
May 25 » Spanish Civil War: The bombing of Alicante kills 313 people.
July 10 » Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.
October 1 » Germany annexes the Sudetenland.
November 16 » LSD is first synthesized by Albert Hofmann from ergotamine at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Guido Cole, "Family tree Cole", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-cole/R780.php : accessed January 22, 2026), "Ludovica Gillis (1865-1938)".
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