January 4 » English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial.
February 19 » The Second Battle of Guararapes takes place, effectively ending Dutch colonization efforts in Brazil.
May 19 » An Act of Parliament declaring England a Commonwealth is passed by the Long Parliament. England would be a republic for the next eleven years.
September 2 » The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.
September 11 » Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison.
October 11 » Cromwell's New Model Army Sacks Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians.
January 18 » Frederick I crowns himself King of Prussia in Königsberg.
July 9 » A Bourbon force under Nicolas Catinat withdraws from a smaller Habsburg force under Prince Eugene of Savoy in the Battle of Carpi.
July 19 » Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
July 24 » Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founds the trading post at Fort Pontchartrain, which later becomes the city of Detroit.
September 16 » James Francis Edward Stuart, sometimes called the "Old Pretender", becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland.
October 9 » The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jeroen Stoop, "Family tree Cion", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-cion/I177.php : accessed January 28, 2026), "Engelbrecht (Embregt) Petersz Gijsbrechts (1649-1701)".
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