The temperature on September 5, 1863 was about 18.6 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 61%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 4 » The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany.
January 26 » American Civil War: General Ambrose Burnside is relieved of command of the Army of the Potomac after the disastrous Fredericksburg campaign. He is replaced by Joseph Hooker.
May 6 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville ends with the defeat of the Army of the Potomac by the Army of Northern Virginia.
May 18 » American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg begins.
July 1 » Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands.
November 27 » American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
Day of marriage May 15, 1886
The temperature on May 15, 1886 was about 11.8 °C. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 56%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 18 » Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.
February 23 » Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of aluminium from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister, Julia Brainerd Hall.
April 8 » William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the British House of Commons.
May 1 » Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
June 10 » Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17km long fissure across the mountain peak.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death April 1, 1942
The temperature on April 1, 1942 was between 6.3 °C and 12.5 °C and averaged 8.7 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain during 0.3 hours. There was 4.7 hours of sunshine (36%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
June 4 » World War II: The Battle of Midway begins. The Japanese Admiral Chūichi Nagumo orders a strike on Midway Island by much of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
June 8 » World War II: The Japanese imperial submarines I-21 and I-24 shell the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle.
July 23 » World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
July 28 » World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin issues Order No. 227. In response to alarming German advances, all those who retreat or otherwise leave their positions without orders to do so are to be tried in a military court, with punishment ranging from duty in a shtrafbat battalion, imprisonment in a Gulag, or execution.
August 16 » World War II: A naval L-class blimp drifts in from the Pacific and eventually crashes in Daly City, California. The two-man crew cannot be found.
November 1 » World War II: Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends three days later with an American victory.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: H.F. Brons, "Family tree Brons", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-brons/I6903.php : accessed March 16, 2026), "Trijntje Tonkens (1863-1942)".
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