The temperature on January 29, 1863 was about 3.0 °C. The air pressure was 13 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 23 » The General German Workers' Association, a precursor of the modern Social Democratic Party of Germany, is founded in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony.
September 6 » American Civil War: Confederate forces evacuate Battery Wagner and Morris Island in South Carolina.
September 20 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga, in northwestern Georgia, ends in a Confederate victory.
October 15 » American Civil War: The H. L. Hunley, the first submarine to sink a ship, sinks, killing its inventor.
October 29 » American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant repel a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Tennessee.
December 16 » American Civil War: Joseph E. Johnston replaces Braxton Bragg as commander of the Confederate Army of Tennessee.
Day of marriage June 16, 1886
The temperature on June 16, 1886 was about 12.2 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 29 » Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.
February 23 » Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of aluminium from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister, Julia Brainerd Hall.
March 1 » The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
March 27 » Geronimo, Apache warrior, surrenders to the U.S. Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
May 8 » Pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.
November 27 » German judge Emil Hartwich sustains fatal injuries in a duel, which would become the background for Theodor Fontane's Effi Briest.
Day of death March 30, 1937
The temperature on March 30, 1937 was between -0.6 °C and 6.3 °C and averaged 3.9 °C. There was 2.0 hours of sunshine (16%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
February 19 » Yekatit 12: During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, two Ethiopian nationalists of Eritrean origin attempt to kill viceroy Rodolfo Graziani with a number of grenades.
April 12 » Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft, at Rugby, England.
May 27 » In California, the Golden Gate Bridge opens to pedestrian traffic, creating a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County, California.
July 2 » Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
August 28 » Toyota Motors becomes an independent company.
December 29 » The Irish Free State is replaced by a new state called Ireland with the adoption of a new constitution.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: H.F. Brons, "Family tree Brons", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-brons/I10072.php : accessed February 1, 2026), "Bertus Kuiper (1863-1937)".
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