The temperature on November 13, 1871 was about 6.5 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 74%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 28 » Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Paris ends in French defeat and an armistice.
March 21 » Otto von Bismarck is appointed as the first Chancellor of the German Empire.
April 1 » The 3rd Duke of Buckingham opened the Brill Tramway, a short railway line to transport goods between his lands and the national rail network.
May 21 » Opening of the first rack railway in Europe, the Rigi Bahnen on Mount Rigi.
October 8 » The Great Chicago Fire and the much deadlier Peshtigo Fire break out.
October 10 » Chicago burns after a barn accident. The fire lasts from October 8–10.
Day of marriage November 15, 1900
The temperature on November 15, 1900 was about 6.4 °C. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 100%. Source: KNMI
January 6 » Second Boer War: Having already besieged the fortress at Ladysmith, Boer forces attack it, but are driven back by British defenders.
February 27 » Second Boer War: In South Africa, British military leaders receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronjé at the Battle of Paardeberg.
May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
July 9 » The Federation of Australia is given royal assent.
October 19 » Max Planck discovers Planck's law of black-body radiation.
November 7 » The People's Party is founded in Cuba.
Day of death February 9, 1940
The temperature on February 9, 1940 was between -7.3 °C and -2.1 °C and averaged -3.7 °C. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jaap Beijer, "Family tree Breukel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-breukel/I673.php : accessed March 11, 2026), "Simon Qualm (1871-1940)".
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