The temperature on May 1, 1860 was about 18.2 °C. The air pressure was 28 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 30%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
March 5 » Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
April 9 » On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.
June 30 » The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
October 18 » The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
October 26 » The Expedition of the Thousand ends when Giuseppe Garibaldi presents his conquests to King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia.
December 20 » South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States.
Day of marriage August 13, 1889
The temperature on August 13, 1889 was about 17.7 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
February 9 » US president Grover Cleveland signs a bill elevating the United States Department of Agriculture to a Cabinet-level agency.
February 22 » President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
March 31 » The Eiffel Tower is officially opened.
June 26 » Bangui is founded by Albert Dolisie and Alfred Uzac in what was then the upper reaches of the French Congo.
July 11 » Tijuana, Mexico, is founded.
November 14 » Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days.
Day of death November 9, 1921
The temperature on November 9, 1921 was between -5.2 °C and 4.9 °C and averaged -1.0 °C. There was 8.1 hours of sunshine (88%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
February 21 » Rezā Shāh takes control of Tehran during a successful coup.
March 15 » Talaat Pasha, former Grand Vizir of the Ottoman Empire and chief architect of the Armenian Genocide is assassinated in Berlin by a 23-year-old Armenian, Soghomon Tehlirian.
March 21 » The New Economic Policy is implemented by the Bolshevik Party in response to the economic failure as a result of war communism.
May 3 » The Government of Ireland Act 1920 is passed, dividing Ireland into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland.
May 8 » The creation of the Communist Party of Romania.
November 14 » The Communist Party of Spain is founded, and issues the first edition of Mundo obrero.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hilbert Botter, "Family tree Botter", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-botter/I2127.php : accessed January 29, 2026), "Hillegien Arends (1860-1921)".
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