The temperature on October 23, 1861 was about 14.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 10 » El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.
March 21 » Alexander Stephens gives the Cornerstone Speech.
May 13 » American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the Confederacy as having belligerent rights.
July 21 » American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army.
August 5 » American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US$800; rescinded in 1872).
August 6 » Britain imposes the Lagos Treaty of Cession to suppress slavery in what is now Nigeria.
Day of marriage May 29, 1899
The temperature on May 29, 1899 was about 10.5 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 72%. Source: KNMI
February 14 » Voting machines are approved by the U.S. Congress for use in federal elections.
April 18 » The St. Andrew's Ambulance Association is granted a royal charter by Queen Victoria.
May 8 » The Irish Literary Theatre in Dublin produced its first play.
May 30 » Pearl Hart, a female outlaw of the Old West, robs a stage coach 30 miles southeast of Globe, Arizona.
June 12 » New Richmond tornado: The eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
July 26 » Ulises Heureaux, the 27th President of the Dominican Republic, is assassinated.
Day of death September 8, 1904
The temperature on September 8, 1904 was between 6.9 °C and 17.2 °C and averaged 12.8 °C. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
February 7 » A fire begins in Baltimore, Maryland; it destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours.
April 8 » The French Third Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland sign the Entente cordiale.
May 4 » The United States begins construction of the Panama Canal.
May 15 » Russo-Japanese War: The Russian minelayer Amur lays a minefield about 15 miles off Port Arthur and sinks Japan's battleships Hatsuse, 15,000 tons, with 496 crew and Yashima.
June 16 » Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called "Bloomsday".
October 4 » The IFK Göteborg football club is founded in Sweden.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bott, "Family tree Bott", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-bott/I2218.php : accessed January 21, 2026), "Jacobus Hubertus HOUBEN (1861-1904)".
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