The temperature on October 25, 1849 was about 13.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 5 » University of Wisconsin–Madison's first class meets at Madison Female Academy.
February 9 » The new Roman Republic is declared.
February 14 » In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes the first serving President of the United States to have his photograph taken.
February 28 » Regular steamship service from the east to the west coast of the United States begins with the arrival of the SSCalifornia in San Francisco Bay, four months 22 days after leaving New York Harbor.
September 17 » American abolitionist Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery.
October 12 » The city of Manizales, Colombia, is founded by 'The Expedition of the 20'.
Day of marriage November 21, 1879
The temperature on November 21, 1879 was about -1.8 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 23 » War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru.
April 5 » Chile declares war on Bolivia and Peru, starting the War of the Pacific.
April 23 » Fire burns down the second main building and dome of the University of Notre Dame, which prompts the construction of the third, and current, Main Building with its golden dome.
May 2 » The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is founded in Madrid by Pablo Iglesias.
August 28 » Cetshwayo, last king of the Zulus, is captured by the British.
October 8 » War of the Pacific: The Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos.
Day of death March 20, 1909
The temperature on March 20, 1909 was between 4.6 °C and 15.2 °C and averaged 9.7 °C. There was 4.1 mm of rain. There was 4.9 hours of sunshine (40%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
January 16 » Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic South Pole.
January 23 » RMSRepublic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day.
April 9 » The U.S. Congress passes the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act.
April 27 » Sultan of Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II is overthrown, and is succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V.
June 26 » The Science Museum in London comes into existence as an independent entity.
December 14 » New South Wales Premier Charles Wade signs the Seat of Government Surrender Act 1909, formally completing the transfer of State land to the Commonwealth to create the Australian Capital Territory.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Enno Borgsteede, "Borgsteede family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-borgsteede/I9778.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Jacob Toxopeus (1849-1909)".
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