January 7 » Galileo Galilei makes his first observation of the four Galilean moons: Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa, although he is not able to distinguish the last two until the following day.
June 5 » The masque Tethys' Festival is performed at Whitehall Palace to celebrate the investiture of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales.
July 4 » The Battle of Klushino is fought between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia during the Polish–Muscovite War.
July 5 » John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
August 2 » During Henry Hudson's search for the Northwest Passage, he sails into what is now known as Hudson Bay.
October 17 » French king Louis XIII is crowned in Reims Cathedral.
May 10 » King Narai nominates Phetracha as regent, leading to the revolution of 1688 in which Phetracha becomes king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
June 30 » The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
November 1 » William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to seize the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.
November 5 » William III of England lands with a Dutch fleet at Brixham.
November 9 » Glorious Revolution: William of Orange captures Exeter.
December 9 » Glorious Revolution: Williamite forces defeat Jacobites at Battle of Reading, forcing flight of James II from the country.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Enno Borgsteede, "Borgsteede family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-borgsteede/I4209.php : accessed February 28, 2026), "James Butler 1st Duke of Ormonde (1610-1688)".
Copy warning
Genealogical publications are copyright protected. Although data is often retrieved from public archives, the searching, interpreting, collecting, selecting and sorting of the data results in a unique product. Copyright protected work may not simply be copied or republished.
Please stick to the following rules
Request permission to copy data or at least inform the author, chances are that the author gives permission, often the contact also leads to more exchange of data.
Do not use this data until you have checked it, preferably at the source (the archives).
State from whom you have copied the data and ideally also his/her original source.