Family tree Bas » Robert "de Deen" van Évreux (965-1037)

Personal data Robert "de Deen" van Évreux 

• He was born in the year 965.
• (Geschiedenis) .Source 1

  Robert de Deen, (Fr.: Robert le Danois) (965 - 1037) was aartsbisschop van Rouen (989-1037) en graaf van Évreux (996-1037).
  
  Hij was de zoon van Richard I van Normandië, en Gunnora, die van Scandinavische afkomst was. Al op jonge leeftijd vertrouwde zijn vader hem het ambt van aartsbisschop van Rouen toe, hetgeen de belangrijkste kerkelijke titel binnen Normandië was. Na de dood van zijn vader in 996 werd zijn oudste broer Richard opvolgende graaf in Normandië en hij werd graaf van Evreux.
  
  Robert vond dat hij als graaf het recht had om te trouwen, en huwde met Herleva, waarschijnlijk de dochter van Turstin de Rijke. Robert was dus een getrouwde aartsbisschop en zou zelfs kinderen krijgen. Hoewel het celibaat nog niet officieel door de kerk was ingesteld, waren huwelijken onder hoge geestelijken uitzonderlijk. Volgens de historicus François Neveux is Robert zonder twijfel een “meer wereldse dan religieuze” aartsbisschop[1]. Aan het eind van het jaren 1020 begon Robert aan een uitbreiding van de kathedraal van Rouen. We weten ook, dankzij de archeoloog Jacques le Maho, dat de aartsbisschop-graaf zijn kasteel van Gravenchon in een werkelijk paleis veranderde aan het begin van de 11e eeuw. Robert was een mecenas en onderhield een literaire kring. De satiricus Garnier en de geschiedschrijver Dudo van Saint-Quentin dragen enkele werken aan hem op.
  
  In 1027 volgde zijn neef Robert de Duivel op omstreden wijze diens broer Richard III van Normandië op en werd hertog van Normandië (hertogdom sinds 1015). Kort daarna viel hij Robert de Deen aan. Robert werd verdacht van een complot tegen de nieuwe hertog. Anderzijds wordt gesproken van onteigeningen door de aartsbisschop in het nadeel van de hertog. Robert moest vluchten uit Rouen en verschanste zich in Évreux. De hertog belegerde de stad en uiteindelijk moest Robert Normandië verlaten. De verbannen aartsbisschop sloeg terug door Robert de Duivel te excommuniceren en een interdict op te leggen voor het hertogdom. In 1031 verzoenden Robert en Robert de Duivel zich met elkaar en kon Robert terugkeren. Robert werd de voornaamste adviseur van de hertog en hielp een conflict tussen de hertog en zijn neef Alan III van Bretagne op te lossen.

• (Levens event) .Source 2

  Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen (989–1037),[a] and Count of Évreux. He was a powerful and influential prelate; a family member and supporter of five dukes of Normandy.
  Contents
  Life
  
  Robert was a son of duke Richard I, Duke of Normandy and his second wife, Gunnora.[1] He was a younger brother of duke Richard II and uncle of duke Robert I.[1] He had been appointed Archbishop of Rouen by his father c.?989–990 and had been given the countship of Évreux at the same time.[2] Robert was well aware he was destined for the church and seemingly accepted his role as both archbishop and count willingly.[3] But he had always been involved in Norman politics and was a powerful adherent of the Norman dukes.[4] Robert had proved himself a powerful ecclesiastical ally of his father, Richard I, as well as his brother, Richard II, and at the latter's death effectively became the senior male adviser to the ducal clan.[5] But his nephew Richard III had a turbulent and short reign of just over a year and when replaced by his brother Robert I, as Duke of Normandy, the prelate Robert had a great deal of trouble restraining the new duke.[6] In 1028 he found himself besieged and then banished by his young nephew.[6] Duke Robert I then besieged Hugh d'Ivry, Bishop of Bayeux who, along with Archbishop Robert had apparently questioned his authority as duke.[7] From exile in France, Archbishop Robert excommunicated his nephew Duke Robert and placed Normandy under an interdict.[7]
  
  The Archbishop and Duke finally came to terms and to facilitate the lifting of the interdict and excommunication, Duke Robert restored the Archbishop to his see, to his countship of Evereux, and returned all his properties.[8] To further illustrate his change of heart towards the church, Duke Robert restored property that he or his vassals had confiscated, and by 1034 had returned all church properties including those taken from Fécamp Abbey.[8] By 1033 Duke Robert was mounting a major campaign against his cousin Alan III, Duke of Brittany.[9] He and Alan had been raiding back and forth but finally a peace was negotiated between them by the returned Archbishop Robert, their mutual uncle.[9]
  
  In his last years Robert, realizing his past mistakes, began giving freely to the poor and undertook to rebuild the cathedral church at Rouen.[10] in 1035 Duke Robert had decided on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.[11] After making his illegitimate son William his heir and arranging for the archbishop to watch over and protect young William, Duke Robert set out on his pilgrimage never to return to Normandy.[11] Archbishop Robert fulfilled his promise and effectively ruled Normandy as regent for William[11] until Robert's death in 1037, which almost immediately caused an increase in lawlessness in Normandy.[12]
  
  Orderic Vitalis relates of a richly illustrated great psalter given to Archbishop Robert by his sister Queen Emma, wife of king Æthelred.[13] In a catalog of books in the Cathedral of Roen created during the twelfth century, a reference was found to a particular book, the Benedictionarius Roberti archiepiscopi, which was given to the church of Rouen by Archbishop Robert of Normandy. Since that time it became the property of the city of Rouen, where it is preserved (No. 27) as the Benedictional of Æthelgar, possibly for the prayers it contained at the end for the coronation of the Anglo-Saxon kings and queens.

• He died in the year 1037, he was 72 years old.
• A child of Richard I "zonder vrees" van Normandie and Gunnora van Normandië
• This information was last updated on November 14, 2012.

Household of Robert "de Deen" van Évreux

He is married to Herleva.

They got married

Child(ren):

1. Rudolf van Normandie  -1051
2. Willem van Évreux  
3. Wouter van Évreux  
4. Richard van Évreux  1005-1067 

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Timeline Robert "de Deen" van Évreux

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