The temperature on April 18, 1864 was about 13.9 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 53%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 17 » American Civil War: The H. L. Hunley becomes the first submarine to engage and sink a warship, the USSHousatonic.
May 21 » Russia declares an end to the Russo-Circassian War and many Circassians are forced into exile. The day is designated the Circassian Day of Mourning.
August 23 » American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas.
October 19 » American Civil War: The Battle of Cedar Creek ends the last Confederate threat to Washington, DC.
November 30 » American Civil War: The Confederate Army of Tennessee suffers heavy losses in an attack on the Union Army of the Ohio in the Battle of Franklin.
December 15 » American Civil War: Battle of Nashville: The Union's Army of the Cumberland routs and destroys the Confederacy's Army of Tennessee, ending its effectiveness as a combat unit.
Day of marriage June 19, 1883
The temperature on June 19, 1883 was about 17.2 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 16 » The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress.
March 20 » The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.
July 10 » War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres's Peruvuan army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war.
August 21 » An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.
November 18 » American and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
December 21 » The Royal Canadian Dragoons and The Royal Canadian Regiment, the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed.
Day of death September 7, 1943
The temperature on September 7, 1943 was between 7.1 °C and 20.0 °C and averaged 14.1 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 8.5 hours of sunshine (64%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
March 4 » World War II: The Battle of Fardykambos, one of the first major battles between the Greek Resistance and the occupying Royal Italian Army, begins. It ends on 6 March with the surrender of an entire Italian battalion and the liberation of the town of Grevena.
April 13 » World War II: The discovery of mass graves of Polish prisoners of war killed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, causing a diplomatic rift between the Polish government-in-exile in London and the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
May 30 » The Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer of the Zigeunerfamilienlager (Romani family camp) at Auschwitz concentration camp.
August 15 » World War II: Battle of Trahili: Superior German forces surround Cretan partisans, who manage to escape against all odds.
August 17 » World War II: The U.S. Seventh Army under General George S. Patton arrives in Messina, Italy, followed several hours later by the British 8th Army under Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, thus completing the Allied conquest of Sicily.
September 3 » World War II: The Allied invasion of Italy begins on the same day that U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower and Italian Marshal Pietro Badoglio sign the Armistice of Cassibile aboard the Royal Navy battleship HMSNelson off Malta.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bertus Bak, "Family tree Bak", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-bak/I302.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "jannetje anthoniesd "jannetje" bak (1864-1943)".
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