The temperature on June 15, 1817 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 8 » Las Heras crosses the Andes with an army to join San Martín and liberate Chile from Spain.
March 8 » The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
May 15 » Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).
June 5 » The first Great Lakes steamer, the Frontenac, is launched.
October 16 » Simón Bolívar sentences Manuel Piar to death for challenging the racial-caste in Venezuela.
December 10 » Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state.
Day of death July 7, 1866
The temperature on July 7, 1866 was about 11.9 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 87%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
May 1 » The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
June 2 » The Fenians defeat Canadian forces at Ridgeway and Fort Erie, but the raids end soon after.
July 3 » Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgrätz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
July 27 » The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
July 30 » Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100.
August 20 » President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Anna Wilson, "Smith and Wilson family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/smith-and-wilson-family-tree/P198.php : accessed May 14, 2025), "Sophia Calcutt (± 1794-1866)".
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