March 20 » The Dutch East India Company is established.
November 8 » The Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford is opened to the public.
December 11 » A surprise attack by forces under the command of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his brother-in-law, Philip III of Spain, is repelled by the citizens of Geneva. (Commemorated annually by the Fête de l'Escalade.
March 18 » The Third Anglo-Powhatan War begins in the Colony of Virginia.
May 25 » Ming general Wu Sangui forms an alliance with the invading Manchus and opens the gates of the Great Wall of China at Shanhaiguan pass, letting the Manchus through towards the capital Beijing.
May 26 » Portuguese Restoration War: Portuguese and Spanish forces both claim victory in the Battle of Montijo.
May 28 » English Civil War: Bolton Massacre by Royalist troops under the command of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby.
November 8 » The Shunzhi Emperor, the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.
November 23 » John Milton publishes Areopagitica, a pamphlet decrying censorship.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Derk Sherren, "Sherren Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/sherren-family-tree/I210161567362.php : accessed May 3, 2025), "Elizabeth of France (Queen Consort of Spain) (1602-1644)".
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