The temperature on January 26, 1883 was about 1.8 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
March 20 » The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.
June 5 » The first regularly scheduled Orient Express departs Paris.
August 25 » France and Viet Nam sign the Treaty of Huế, recognizing a French protectorate over Annam and Tonkin.
August 27 » Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.
October 22 » Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram, Vienna, Austria, first electric tram powered by overhead wire.
October 22 » The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust.
Day of death October 23, 1945
The temperature on October 23, 1945 was between 8.4 °C and 16.7 °C and averaged 12.7 °C. There was 0.4 mm of rain during 0.2 hours. There was 1.4 hours of sunshine (14%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 23, 1945 to June 24, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy III, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
February 13 » World War II: Royal Air Force bombers are dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment.
February 13 » World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army.
April 27 » World War II: The last German formations withdraw from Finland to Norway. The Lapland War and thus, World War II in Finland, comes to an end and the Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn photograph is taken.
April 28 » Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are shot dead by Walter Audisio, a member of the Italian resistance movement.
August 30 » The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong comes to an end.
October 17 » A massive demonstration in Buenos Aires, Argentina, demands Juan Perón's release.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Pam Schaeffer Massung, "Schaeffer-Massung Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/schaeffer-massung-family-tree/I282433456516.php : accessed May 12, 2025), "Ethel Maude Elizabeth SMITH (1883-1945)".
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