The temperature on June 23, 1848 was about 20.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 12 » The Palermo rising takes place in Sicily against the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
February 22 » The French Revolution of 1848, which would lead to the establishment of the French Second Republic, begins.
March 4 » Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d'Italia.
March 15 » A revolution breaks out in Hungary. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.
March 18 » March Revolution: In Berlin there is a struggle between citizens and military, costing about 300 lives.
June 2 » The Slavic congress in Prague begins.
Day of death December 14, 1908
The temperature on December 14, 1908 was between 6.7 °C and 10.6 °C and averaged 8.5 °C. There was 5.6 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
January 21 » New York City passes the Sullivan Ordinance, making it illegal for women to smoke in public, only to have the measure vetoed by the mayor.
April 8 » Harvard University votes to establish the Harvard Business School.
May 26 » The first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East was made at Masjed Soleyman in southwest Persia. The rights to the resource were quickly acquired by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.
September 16 » The General Motors Corporation is founded.
October 13 » Margaret Travers Symons bursts into the UK parliament and became the first woman to speak there.
October 14 » The Chicago Cubs defeat the Detroit Tigers, 2–0, clinching the 1908 World Series; this would be their last until winning the 2016 World Series.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: June Mcmurphy, "Riches to Rags Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/riches-to-rags-family-tree/P9100.php : accessed April 30, 2025), "James Taylor Giddens (1848-1903)".
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