The temperature on December 21, 1843 was about 4.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: betrokken dampig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 18 » The Disruption in Edinburgh of the Free Church of Scotland from the Church of Scotland.
June 17 » The Wairau Affray, the first serious clash of arms between Māori and British settlers in the New Zealand Wars, takes place.
June 26 » Treaty of Nanking comes into effect, Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British "in perpetuity".
July 19 » Brunel's steamship the SSGreat Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
August 15 » The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu, Hawaii is dedicated. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
November 28 » Ka Lā Hui (Hawaiian Independence Day): The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
Day of death August 1, 1921
The temperature on August 1, 1921 was between 13.0 °C and 27.4 °C and averaged 20.7 °C. There was 11.3 hours of sunshine (73%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 20 » The Upper Silesia plebiscite was a plebiscite mandated by the Versailles Treaty to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland.
June 15 » Bessie Coleman earns her pilot's license, becoming the first female pilot of African-American descent.
July 11 » Former president of the United States William Howard Taft is sworn in as 10th chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the only person ever to hold both offices.
August 23 » British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive.
September 7 » In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.
December 6 » The Anglo-Irish Treaty is signed in London by British and Irish representatives.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: June Mcmurphy, "Riches to Rags Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/riches-to-rags-family-tree/P12929.php : accessed April 30, 2025), "Mary Elizabeth Norman (1843-1921)".
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