January 30 » Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
May 15 » The Peace of Münster is ratified, by which Spain acknowledges Dutch sovereignty.
June 1 » The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.
June 15 » Margaret Jones is hanged in Boston for witchcraft in the first such execution for the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
August 28 » The Siege of Colchester ends when Royalists Forces surrender to the Parliamentary Forces after eleven weeks, during the Second English Civil War.
December 6 » Colonel Thomas Pride of the New Model Army purges the Long Parliament of MPs sympathetic to King Charles I of England, in order for the King's trial to go ahead; came to be known as "Pride's Purge".
May 7 » Louis XIV of France begins construction of the Palace of Versailles.
August 1 » Ottoman forces are defeated in the battle of Saint Gotthard by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
October 28 » The Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, later to be known as the Royal Marines, is established.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P35546.php : accessed April 30, 2025), "Francoise Madeleine ORLEANS (1648-1664)".
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