June 9 » Jacques Cartier is the first European to describe and map the Saint Lawrence River.
June 29 » Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island.
July 7 » Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.
July 24 » French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France.
August 15 » Ignatius of Loyola and six classmates take initial vows, leading to the creation of the Society of Jesus in September 1540.
October 17 » Anti-Catholic posters appear in Paris and other cities supporting Huldrych Zwingli's position on the Mass.
May 12 » French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry I, Duke of Guise, enters the city and a spontaneous uprising occurs.
May 30 » The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.
July 19 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.
July 29 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: English naval forces under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake defeat the Spanish Armada off the coast of Gravelines, France.
August 8 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P33182.php : accessed July 23, 2025), "Frederick Ii OLDENBURG (1534-1588)".
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