June 20 » The Battle of Höchst takes place during the Thirty Years' War.
August 5 » The Mayflower departs from Southampton, England, carrying would-be settlers, on its first attempt to reach North America; it is forced to dock in Dartmouth when its companion ship, the Speedwell, springs a leak.
September 6 » The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England on the Mayflower to settle in North America. (Old Style date; September 16 per New Style date.)
September 16 » Pilgrims set sail from England on the Mayflower.
November 9 » Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower sight land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
November 11 » The Mayflower Compact is signed in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod.
January 17 » England's Long Parliament passes the "Vote of No Addresses", breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War.
January 30 » Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
August 8 » Mehmed IV (1648–1687) succeeds Ibrahim I (1640–1648) as Ottoman Emperor.
August 20 » Battle of Lens: French Duc d'Enghien defeats Spaniards
October 18 » Boston Shoemakers form first American labor organization.
December 6 » Colonel Thomas Pride of the New Model Army purges the Long Parliament of MPs sympathetic to King Charles I of England, in order for the King's trial to go ahead; came to be known as "Pride's Purge".
May 10 » King Narai nominates Phetracha as regent, leading to the revolution of 1688 in which Phetracha becomes king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
September 26 » The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
November 9 » Glorious Revolution: William of Orange captures Exeter.
December 9 » Glorious Revolution: Williamite forces defeat Jacobites at Battle of Reading, forcing flight of James II from the country.
December 11 » Glorious Revolution: James II of England, while trying to flee to France, throws the Great Seal of the Realm into the River Thames.
December 23 » As part of the Glorious Revolution, King James II of England flees from England to Paris, France after being deposed in favor of his nephew, William of Orange and his daughter Mary.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P31621.php : accessed December 5, 2025), "Winston CHURCHILL (1620-1688)".
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