January 15 » King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of New France (Canada) and provide for the spread of the "Holy Catholic faith".
February 12 » Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.
April 7 » Francis Xavier leaves Lisbon on a mission to the Portuguese East Indies.
May 8 » Hernando de Soto stops near present-day Walls, Mississippi, and sees the Mississippi River (then known by the Spanish as Río de Espíritu Santo, the name given to it by Alonso Álvarez de Pineda in 1519).
June 26 » Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego de Almagro the younger. Almagro is later caught and executed.
September 13 » After three years of exile, John Calvin returns to Geneva to reform the church under a body of doctrine known as Calvinism.
April 13 » Miyamoto Musashi defeats Sasaki Kojirō at Funajima island.
August 18 » The trial of the Pendle witches, one of England's most famous witch trials, begins at Lancaster Assizes.
August 19 » The "Samlesbury witches", three women from the Lancashire village of Samlesbury, England, are put on trial, accused of practicing witchcraft, one of the most famous witch trials in British history.
September 8 » The foundation day in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
November 1 » During the Time of Troubles, Polish troops are expelled from Moscow's Kitay-gorod by Russian troops under the command of Dmitry Pozharsky (22 October O.S.).
November 29 » The Battle of Swally takes place, which loosens the Portuguese Empire's hold on India.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P29341.php : accessed May 1, 2025), "John HOWLAND (1541-1612)".
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