The temperature on August 25, 1831 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: veel regen bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
August 8 » Four hundred Shawnee people agree to relinquish their lands in Ohio in exchange for land west of the Mississippi River in the Treaty of Wapakoneta.
September 8 » November uprising: The Battle of Warsaw effectively ends the Polish insurrection.
October 30 » Nat Turner is arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
November 5 » Nat Turner, American slave leader, is tried, convicted, and sentenced to death in Virginia.
December 5 » Former U.S. President John Quincy Adams takes his seat in the House of Representatives.
December 25 » The Great Jamaican Slave Revolt begins; up to 20% of Jamaica's slaves mobilize in an ultimately unsuccessful fight for freedom.
Day of death January 25, 1913
The temperature on January 25, 1913 was between 0.4 °C and 8.9 °C and averaged 6.1 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. There was 1.2 hours of sunshine (14%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 3 » The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
February 17 » The Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.
April 24 » The Woolworth Building, a skyscraper in New York City, is opened.
June 19 » Natives Land Act, 1913 in South Africa implemented.
August 16 » Completion of the Royal Navy battlecruiser HMSQueen Mary.
August 16 » Tōhoku Imperial University of Japan (modern day Tohoku University) becomes the first university in Japan to admit female students.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P25354.php : accessed April 30, 2025), "Verna BLUM (1831-1913)".
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