April 27 » Cebu is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.
June 23 » Dragut, commander of the Ottoman navy, dies during the Great Siege of Malta.
July 29 » The widowed Mary, Queen of Scots marries Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, Duke of Albany, at Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, Scotland.
September 8 » The Knights of Malta lift the Ottoman siege of Malta that began on May 18.
September 11 » Ottoman forces retreat from Malta ending the Great Siege of Malta.
October 18 » Ships belonging to the Matsura clan of Japan fail to capture the Portuguese trading carrack in the Battle of Fukuda Bay, the first recorded naval battle between Japan and the West.
January 17 » England's Long Parliament passes the "Vote of No Addresses", breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War.
January 30 » Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
May 15 » The Peace of Münster is ratified, by which Spain acknowledges Dutch sovereignty.
June 1 » The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.
August 28 » The Siege of Colchester ends when Royalists Forces surrender to the Parliamentary Forces after eleven weeks, during the Second English Civil War.
October 18 » Boston Shoemakers form first American labor organization.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P23905.php : accessed February 21, 2026), "William SMART (1565-1648)".
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