March 11 » Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
March 23 » James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth as part of the planned French invasion of Britain.
September 11 » Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power.
October 9 » Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
Day of death April 9, 1788
The temperature on April 9, 1788 was about 8.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
January 9 » Connecticut becomes the fifth state to ratify the Constitution.
January 18 » The first elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from Great Britain to Australia arrive at Botany Bay.
January 26 » The British First Fleet, led by Arthur Phillip, sails into Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) to establish Sydney, the first permanent European settlement on Australia. Commemorated as Australia Day.
May 8 » King Louis XVI of France attempts to impose the reforms of Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne by abolishing the parlements.
June 21 » New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
September 13 » The Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the first presidential election in the United States, and New York City becomes the country's temporary capital.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P23592.php : accessed December 4, 2025), "John GRAY (1708-1788)".
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