January 20 » Battle of Rio de Janeiro: Portuguese forces under the command of Estácio de Sá definitively drive the French out of Rio de Janeiro.
February 10 » Lord Darnley, second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, is found strangled following an explosion at the Kirk o' Field house in Edinburgh, Scotland, a suspected assassination.
March 13 » The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War.
May 15 » Mary, Queen of Scots marries James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, her third husband.
May 24 » Erik XIV of Sweden and his guards murder five incarcerated Swedish nobles.
July 29 » The infant James VI is crowned King of Scotland at Stirling.
April 25 » The Chongzhen Emperor, the last Emperor of Ming dynasty China, commits suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.
May 25 » Ming general Wu Sangui forms an alliance with the invading Manchus and opens the gates of the Great Wall of China at Shanhaiguan pass, letting the Manchus through towards the capital Beijing.
May 26 » Portuguese Restoration War: Portuguese and Spanish forces both claim victory in the Battle of Montijo.
May 28 » English Civil War: Bolton Massacre by Royalist troops under the command of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby.
June 5 » The Qing dynasty Manchu forces led by the Shunzhi Emperor take Beijing during the collapse of the Ming dynasty.
July 2 » English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P21686.php : accessed December 22, 2025), "Maria KYTSON (1567-1644)".
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