May 25 » Ming general Wu Sangui forms an alliance with the invading Manchus and opens the gates of the Great Wall of China at Shanhaiguan pass, letting the Manchus through towards the capital Beijing.
May 26 » Portuguese Restoration War: Portuguese and Spanish forces both claim victory in the Battle of Montijo.
May 27 » Manchu regent Dorgon defeats rebel leader Li Zicheng of the Shun dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass, allowing the Manchus to enter and conquer the capital city of Beijing.
May 28 » English Civil War: Bolton Massacre by Royalist troops under the command of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby.
October 13 » A Swedish–Dutch fleet defeats the Danish fleet at Fehmarn and captures about 1,000 prisoners.
October 27 » Second Battle of Newbury in the English Civil War.
February 12 » The Convention Parliament declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
February 13 » William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
March 16 » The 23rd Regiment of Foot, or Royal Welch Fusiliers, is founded.
April 18 » Bostonians rise up in rebellion against Sir Edmund Andros.
May 24 » The English Parliament passes the Act of Toleration protecting dissenting Protestants but excluding Roman Catholics.
December 16 » Convention Parliament: The Declaration of Right is embodied in the Bill of Rights.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P19451.php : accessed December 6, 2025), "John KELSALL (1644-1689)".
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