From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 22 » Jefferson Davis is officially inaugurated for a six-year term as the President of the Confederate States of America in Richmond, Virginia. He was previously inaugurated as a provisional president on February 18, 1861.
May 15 » President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the United States Bureau of Agriculture. It is later renamed the United States Department of Agriculture.
June 6 » American Civil War: Battle of Memphis: Union forces capture Memphis, Tennessee, from the Confederates.
July 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place. It is the last of the Seven Days Battles, part of George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign.
July 12 » The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress.
November 9 » American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George B. McClellan is removed.
Day of marriage December 13, 1881
The temperature on December 13, 1881 was about 0.7 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 13 » Alexander II of Russia is assassinated.
April 28 » Billy the Kid escapes from the Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico.
May 12 » In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.
June 28 » The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
October 13 » First known conversation in modern Hebrew by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and friends.
November 3 » The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.
Day of death July 13, 1935
The temperature on July 13, 1935 was between 14.6 °C and 27.1 °C and averaged 20.9 °C. There was 13.0 hours of sunshine (79%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
January 11 » Amelia Earhart becomes the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
February 26 » Robert Watson-Watt carries out a demonstration near Daventry which leads directly to the development of radar in the United Kingdom.
April 8 » The Works Progress Administration is formed when the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 becomes law.
May 24 » The first night game in Major League Baseball history is played in Cincinnati, Ohio, with the Cincinnati Reds beating the Philadelphia Phillies 2–1 at Crosley Field.
September 15 » The Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship.
September 17 » The Niagara Gorge Railroad ceases operations after a rockslide.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter John Oswald, "Pop Oswald Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/pop-oswald-tree/P1039.php : accessed December 21, 2025), "James Edward PAINTER (1862-1935)".
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