From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
May 29 » The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce is founded, in Hong Kong.
July 16 » American Civil War: At the order of President Abraham Lincoln, Union troops begin a 25-mile march into Virginia for what will become the First Battle of Bull Run, the first major land battle of the war.
August 19 » First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.
October 17 » Aborigines kill Nineteen Europeans in the Cullin-la-ringo massacre.
December 4 » The 109 Electors of the several states of the Confederate States of America unanimously elect Jefferson Davis as President and Alexander H. Stephens as Vice President.
December 9 » American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.
Day of death June 23, 1943
The temperature on June 23, 1943 was between 11.1 °C and 20.0 °C and averaged 15.7 °C. There was 6.7 hours of sunshine (40%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
June 12 » The Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
August 1 » World War II: Operation Tidal Wave also known as "Black Sunday", was a failed American attempt to destroy Romanian oil fields.
October 5 » Ninety-eight American POWs are executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island.
October 19 » The cargo vessel Sinfra is attacked by Allied aircraft at Crete and sunk. 2,098 Italian prisoners of war drown with it.
November 16 » World War II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.
December 4 » World War II: In Yugoslavia, resistance leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito proclaims a provisional democratic Yugoslav government in-exile.
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The Descendants Jan Vermeer publication was prepared by Sietse Vermeer (contact is not possible).
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