The temperature on February 20, 1859 was about 2.6 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
February 19 » Daniel E. Sickles, a New York Congressman, is acquitted of murder on grounds of temporary insanity.
March 2 » The two-day Great Slave Auction, the largest such auction in United States history, begins.
April 4 » Bryant's Minstrels debut "Dixie" in New York City in the finale of a blackface minstrel show.
May 31 » The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time.
June 15 » Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the "Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between American and British/Canadian settlers.
July 8 » King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
Day of marriage May 20, 1885
The temperature on May 20, 1885 was about 10.5 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 17 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 23 » Sino-French War: French Army gains an important victory in the Battle of Đồng Đăng in the Tonkin region of Vietnam.
June 9 » Treaty of Tientsin is signed to end the Sino-French War, with China eventually giving up Tonkin and Annam – most of present-day Vietnam – to France.
September 6 » Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria, thus accomplishing Bulgarian unification.
September 12 » Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football.
November 7 » The completion of Canada's first transcontinental railway is symbolized by the Last Spike ceremony at Craigellachie, British Columbia.
November 28 » Bulgarian victory in the Serbo-Bulgarian War preserves the Unification of Bulgaria.
Day of death June 15, 1938
The temperature on June 15, 1938 was between 8.2 °C and 16.3 °C and averaged 12.1 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 0.8 hours of sunshine (5%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
January 3 » The March of Dimes is established as a foundation to combat infant polio by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
August 18 » The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting New York, United States with Ontario, Canada over the Saint Lawrence River, is dedicated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
September 27 » The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth is launched in Glasgow.
September 30 » Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, whereby Germany annexes the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
September 30 » The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
December 16 » Adolf Hitler institutes the Cross of Honour of the German Mother.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: R.A.Hemerik, "Descendants Hemerik-Broekhuizen-Huner-Koper-Barink", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/parenteel-hemerik/I83406.php : accessed March 11, 2026), "Petronella Johanna Sophia Smolders (1859-1938)".
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