The temperature on September 18, 1830 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 3 » The Canterbury and Whitstable Railway is opened; it is the first steam-hauled passenger railway to issue season tickets and include a tunnel.
May 13 » Ecuador gains its independence from Gran Colombia.
May 28 » U.S. President Andrew Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act which denies Native Americans their land rights and forcibly relocates them.
June 12 » Beginning of the Invasion of Algiers: Thiry-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
June 26 » William IV becomes king of Britain and Hanover.
October 4 » The Belgian Revolution takes legal form when the provisional government secedes from the Netherlands.
Day of marriage November 7, 1872
The temperature on November 7, 1872 was about 13.1 °C. The air pressure was 9 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 66%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
March 5 » George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
March 11 » Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
March 16 » The Wanderers F.C. won the first FA Cup, the oldest football competition in the world, beating Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1–0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.
September 18 » King Oscar II accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
November 5 » Women's suffrage in the United States: In defiance of the law, suffragist Susan B. Anthony votes for the first time, and is later fined $100.
December 21 » Challenger expedition: HMSChallenger, commanded by Captain George Nares, sails from Portsmouth, England.
Day of death February 7, 1912
The temperature on February 7, 1912 was between 4.4 °C and 9.6 °C and averaged 6.2 °C. There was 2.7 mm of rain. There was 3.3 hours of sunshine (35%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
January 5 » The 6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Prague Party Conference) opens. In the course of the conference, Vladimir Lenin and his supporters break from the rest of the party to form the Bolshevik movement.
January 11 » Immigrant textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, go on strike when wages are reduced in response to a mandated shortening of the work week.
July 8 » Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves.
August 6 » The Bull Moose Party meets at the Chicago Coliseum.
October 19 » Italo-Turkish War: Italy takes possession of what is now Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
December 16 » First Balkan War: The Royal Hellenic Navy defeats the Ottoman Navy at the Battle of Elli.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: R.A.Hemerik, "Descendants Hemerik-Broekhuizen-Huner-Koper-Barink", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/parenteel-hemerik/I161966.php : accessed February 18, 2026), "Clasina Adriana Pennekamp (1830-1912)".
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