The temperature on August 11, 1861 was about 21.1 °C. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 29 » Kansas is admitted as the 34th U.S. state.
March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
March 30 » Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
May 13 » American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the Confederacy as having belligerent rights.
November 8 » American Civil War: The "Trent Affair": The USSSan Jacinto stops the British mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
December 9 » American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.
Day of marriage June 23, 1886
The temperature on June 23, 1886 was about 17.0 °C. The air pressure was 44 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 23 » Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of aluminium from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister, Julia Brainerd Hall.
March 29 » John Pemberton brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta.
May 1 » Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
May 5 » The Bay View massacre: A militia fires into a crowd of protesters in Milwaukee, killing seven.
July 4 » The Canadian Pacific Railway's first scheduled train from Montreal arrives in Port Moody on the Pacific coast, after six days of travel.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death January 21, 1947
The temperature on January 21, 1947 was between -5.8 °C and 2.1 °C and averaged -1.7 °C. There was 0.9 mm of rain during 0.3 hours. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
January 3 » Proceedings of the U.S. Congress are televised for the first time.
February 12 » Christian Dior unveils a "New Look", helping Paris regain its position as the capital of the fashion world.
March 12 » Cold War: The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
April 9 » The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride begins through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws. The riders wanted enforcement of the United States Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned racial segregation in interstate travel.
October 16 » The Philippines takes over the administration of the Turtle Islands and the Mangsee Islands from the United Kingdom.
December 30 » Cold War: King Michael I of Romania is forced to abdicate by the Soviet Union-backed Communist government of Romania.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: R.A.Hemerik, "Descendants Hemerik-Broekhuizen-Huner-Koper-Barink", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/parenteel-hemerik/I124126.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Maria Jacoba Pilkens (1861-1947)".
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