In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
The Netherlands had about 5.8 million citizens.
January 9 » Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, plants the British flag 97 nautical miles (180km; 112mi) from the South Pole, the farthest anyone had ever reached at that time.
January 25 » Richard Strauss's opera Elektra receives its debut performance at the Dresden State Opera.
April 14 » A massacre is organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.
June 2 » Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.
December 4 » The Montreal Canadiens ice hockey club, the oldest surviving professional hockey franchise in the world, is founded as a charter member of the National Hockey Association.
December 10 » Selma Lagerlöf becomes the first female writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Weather October 23, 1909
The temperature on October 23, 1909 was between 8.8 °C and 13.2 °C and averaged 11.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest.
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