In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
The Netherlands had about 5.8 million citizens.
January 9 » Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, plants the British flag 97 nautical miles (180km; 112mi) from the South Pole, the farthest anyone had ever reached at that time.
January 23 » RMSRepublic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day.
April 9 » The U.S. Congress passes the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act.
June 26 » The Science Museum in London comes into existence as an independent entity.
July 25 » Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom in 37 minutes.
September 30 » The Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania makes a record-breaking westbound crossing of the Atlantic, that will not be bettered for 20 years.
Weather March 23, 1909
The temperature on March 23, 1909 was between 2.3 °C and 9.5 °C and averaged 5.4 °C. There was 4.4 hours of sunshine (36%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast.
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