The temperature on August 20, 1839 was about 13.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 19 » The British East India Company captures Aden.
January 20 » In the Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats an alliance between Peru and Bolivia.
March 26 » The first Henley Royal Regatta is held.
August 19 » The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift "free to the world".
September 5 » The United Kingdom declares war on the Qing dynasty of China.
November 11 » The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
Day of marriage October 15, 1861
The temperature on October 15, 1861 was about 11.6 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
February 10 » Jefferson Davis is notified by telegraph that he has been chosen as provisional President of the Confederate States of America.
March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
March 30 » Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
April 15 » President Abraham Lincoln calls for 75,000 Volunteers to quell the insurrection that soon became the American Civil War.
August 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek: A mixed force of Confederate, Missouri State Guard, and Arkansas State troops defeat outnumbered attacking Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
August 19 » First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.
Day of death February 27, 1869
The temperature on February 27, 1869 was about 8.6 °C. The air pressure was 28 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 57%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
March 24 » The last of Titokowaru's forces surrendered to the New Zealand government, ending his uprising.
May 26 » Boston University is chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
August 2 » Japan's Edo society class system is abolished as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms.
October 16 » Girton College, Cambridge is founded, becoming England's first residential college for women.
October 16 » The Cardiff Giant, one of the most famous American hoaxes, is "discovered".
November 11 » The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: H. J. Otten, "Otten family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/otten-stamboom/I81.php : accessed January 27, 2026), "Geert Gewald (1839-1869)".
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