January 7 » The first American commercial bank, the Bank of North America, opens.
March 8 » Gnadenhutten massacre: Ninety-six Native Americans in Gnadenhutten, Ohio, who had converted to Christianity, are killed by Pennsylvania militiamen in retaliation for raids carried out by other Indian tribes.
March 27 » Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
April 9 » American Revolutionary War: Battle of the Saintes begins.
April 19 » John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
June 20 » The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
Day of marriage September 25, 1803
The temperature on September 25, 1803 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
This page is only available in Dutch.
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 24 » In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review.
April 30 » Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.
July 4 » The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
October 20 » The United States Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase.
November 18 » The Battle of Vertières, the last major battle of the Haitian Revolution, is fought, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere.
November 30 » The Balmis Expedition starts in Spain with the aim of vaccinating millions against smallpox in Spanish America and Philippines.
Day of death July 6, 1866
The temperature on July 6, 1866 was about 12.2 °C. There was 8 mm of rain. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
January 18 » Wesley College is established in Melbourne, Australia.
April 8 » Italy and Prussia ally against the Austrian Empire.
May 1 » The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
May 2 » Peruvian defenders fight off the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Callao.
July 3 » Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgrätz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
September 22 » The Battle of Curupayty is Paraguay's only significant victory in the Paraguayan War.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P8590.php : accessed January 6, 2026), "Anna Cleaves (1782-1866)".
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