The temperature on March 31, 1848 was about 13.0 °C. There was 440 mm of rainWind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: . Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 31 » John C. Frémont is court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
February 2 » Mexican–American War: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed.
March 10 » The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.
July 3 » Governor-General Peter von Scholten emancipates all remaining slaves in the Danish West Indies.
August 14 » Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.
August 19 » California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).
Day of marriage June 6, 1878
The temperature on June 6, 1878 was about 10.6 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 28 » Yale Daily News becomes the first independent daily college newspaper in the United States.
February 22 » In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
March 15 » Restoration of the Scottish Catholic hierarchy, broken off back in 1603.
July 1 » Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of death October 18, 1919
The temperature on October 18, 1919 was between 5.8 °C and 14.5 °C and averaged 10.1 °C. There was 0.7 hours of sunshine (7%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 2 » The first Communist International meets in Moscow.
June 4 » Women's rights: The U.S. Congress approves the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which guarantees suffrage to women, and sends it to the U.S. states for ratification.
June 11 » Sir Barton wins the Belmont Stakes, becoming the first horse to win the U.S. Triple Crown.
June 15 » John Alcock and Arthur Brown complete the first nonstop transatlantic flight when they reach Clifden, County Galway, Ireland.
July 13 » The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
August 8 » The Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 is signed. It establishes peaceful relations between Afghanistan and the UK, and confirms the Durand line as the mutual border. In return, the UK is no longer obligated to subsidize the Afghan government.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P8036.php : accessed January 3, 2026), "William Waldorf Astor 1st Viscount (1848-1919)".
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