Olson's Tree » Jonathan Head (1775-1866)

Day of marriage March 3, 1799

• The temperature on March 3, 1799 was about 2.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northeast. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1799: Source: Wikipedia
  • July 15 » The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon's Egyptian Campaign.
  • July 25 » At Abu Qir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.
  • September 19 » French Revolutionary Wars: French-Dutch victory against the Russians and British in the Battle of Bergen.
  • September 26 » War of the 2nd Coalition: Franco-Swiss troops defeat Austro-Russian forces, leading to the collapse of Suvorov's campaign.
  • November 9 » Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming First Consul of the successor (Consulate Government).
  • December 10 » France adopts the metre as its official unit of length.

Day of death February 10, 1866

• The temperature on February 10, 1866 was about 7.9 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
• From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
• In the year 1866: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • January 18 » Wesley College is established in Melbourne, Australia.
  • February 16 » Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes British Secretary of State for War.
  • May 1 » The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
  • June 7 » One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Canada East.
  • July 27 » The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
  • December 12 » Oaks explosion: The worst mining disaster in England kills 361 miners and rescuers.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1854 » José Joaquín de Herrera, Mexican politician and general. President three times (1844–1854) (b. 1792)
• 1857 » David Thompson, English-Canadian surveyor and explorer (b. 1770)
• 1865 » Heinrich Lenz, Estonian-Italian physicist and academic (b. 1804)
• 1879 » Honoré Daumier, French illustrator and painter (b. 1808)
• 1887 » Ellen Wood, English author (b. 1814)
• 1891 » Sofia Kovalevskaya, Russian-Swedish mathematician and physicist (b. 1850)