The temperature on January 17, 1837 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: betrokken dampig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
June 20 » Queen Victoria succeeds to the British throne.
July 4 » Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
July 25 » The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
November 7 » In Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot dead by a mob while attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.
November 22 » Canadian journalist and politician William Lyon Mackenzie calls for a rebellion against the United Kingdom in his essay "To the People of Upper Canada", published in his newspaper The Constitution.
December 25 » Second Seminole War: American general Zachary Taylor leads 1,100 troops against the Seminoles at the Battle of Lake Okeechobee.
Day of marriage June 9, 1863
The temperature on June 9, 1863 was about 12.8 °C. There was 0.4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 80%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 21 » American Civil War: The Union Army succeeds in closing off the last escape route from Port Hudson, Louisiana, in preparation for the coming siege.
July 4 » American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg: Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to U.S. forces under Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. One hundred fifty miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate army is repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
July 7 » The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
July 30 » American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder.
August 17 » American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.
September 19 » American Civil War: The first day of the Battle of Chickamauga, in northwestern Georgia, the bloodiest two-day battle of the conflict, and the only significant Confederate victory in the war's Western Theater.
Day of death September 4, 1881
The temperature on September 4, 1881 was about 13.5 °C. There was 6 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
May 10 » Carol I is crowned the King of the Romanian Kingdom.
June 28 » The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
June 29 » In Sudan, Muhammad Ahmad declares himself to be the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of Islam.
July 14 » Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
November 3 » The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.
November 7 » Mapuche rebels attack the Chilean settlement of Nueva Imperial, as defenders fled to the hills and the settlement was effectively destroyed.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P3794.php : accessed January 8, 2026), "Mary Loring Swasey (1837-1881)".
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