The temperature on September 14, 1831 was about 10.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
July 13 » Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.
July 21 » Inauguration of Leopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.
September 1 » The high honor of Order of St. Gregory the Great is established by Pope Gregory XVI of the Vatican State to recognize high support for the Vatican or for the Pope, by a man or a woman, and not necessarily a Roman Catholic.
October 30 » Nat Turner is arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
November 5 » Nat Turner, American slave leader, is tried, convicted, and sentenced to death in Virginia.
December 25 » The Great Jamaican Slave Revolt begins; up to 20% of Jamaica's slaves mobilize in an ultimately unsuccessful fight for freedom.
Day of marriage January 12, 1860
The temperature on January 12, 1860 was about -0.4 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
March 5 » Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
April 6 » The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, later renamed Community of Christ, is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois.
May 27 » Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian unification.
September 21 » Second Opium War: An Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Palikao.
October 17 » First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).
December 20 » South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States.
Day of death January 17, 1865
The temperature on January 17, 1865 was about 1.5 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 8 » Delaware refuses to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Slavery was outlawed in the United States, including Delaware, when the Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states on December 6, 1865. Delaware ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on February 12, 1901, which was the ninety-second anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln.
March 3 » Opening of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the founding member of the HSBC Group.
March 25 » American Civil War: In Virginia, Confederate forces temporarily capture Fort Stedman from the Union.
April 14 » U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked at home by Lewis Powell.
June 28 » The Army of the Potomac is disbanded.
July 27 » Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P22019.php : accessed January 2, 2026), "Elizabeth Hanson Cushing (1831-1865)".
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