Olson's Tree » Thomas Kinnicut Beecher (1824-1900)

Day of marriage January 22, 1857

• The temperature on January 22, 1857 was about 1.3 °C. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m² and came mainly from the south-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1857: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 9 » The 7.9 M_w  Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).
  • March 6 » The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
  • May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
  • June 26 » The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.
  • September 20 » The Indian Rebellion of 1857 ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops loyal to the East India Company.
  • November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.

Day of death March 14, 1900

• The temperature on March 14, 1900 was about 5.4 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1897 to August 1, 1901 the cabinet Pierson, with Mr. N.G. Pierson (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1900: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.1 million citizens.
  • February 23 » Second Boer War: During the Battle of the Tugela Heights, the first British attempt to take Hart's Hill fails.
  • February 27 » Fußball-Club Bayern München is founded.
  • May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
  • June 17 » Boxer Rebellion: Western Allied and Japanese forces capture the Taku Forts in Tianjin, China.
  • July 9 » The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
  • November 7 » Second Boer War: Battle of Leliefontein, a battle during which the Royal Canadian Dragoons win three Victoria Crosses.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1860 » Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (b. 1802)
• 1877 » Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentinian general and politician, 17th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (b. 1793)
• 1883 » Karl Marx, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1818)
• 1884 » Quintino Sella, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finances (b. 1827)
• 1932 » George Eastman, American inventor and businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (b. 1854)
• 1953 » Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak Communist politician and 14th President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1896)