The temperature on October 23, 1861 was about 14.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 11 » American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
March 17 » The Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed.
April 20 » American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.
April 29 » American Civil War: Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union.
May 13 » The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.
June 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
Day of death April 4, 1947
The temperature on April 4, 1947 was between 2.0 °C and 11.0 °C and averaged 6.8 °C. There was 6.2 mm of rain during 3.7 hours. There was 0.2 hours of sunshine (2%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
January 3 » Proceedings of the U.S. Congress are televised for the first time.
February 12 » Christian Dior unveils a "New Look", helping Paris regain its position as the capital of the fashion world.
April 9 » The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride begins through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws. The riders wanted enforcement of the United States Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned racial segregation in interstate travel.
April 16 » An explosion on board a freighter in port causes the city of Texas City, Texas, to catch fire, killing almost 600.
June 10 » Saab produces its first automobile.
December 30 » Cold War: King Michael I of Romania is forced to abdicate by the Soviet Union-backed Communist government of Romania.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P18326.php : accessed January 21, 2026), "James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil 4th Marquess of Salisbury (1861-1947)".
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