The temperature on October 23, 1861 was about 14.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
April 12 » American Civil War: Battle of Fort Sumter. The war begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.
May 13 » Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.
May 13 » The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.
July 21 » American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army.
October 9 » American Civil War: Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens.
October 17 » Aborigines kill Nineteen Europeans in the Cullin-la-ringo massacre.
Day of death April 4, 1947
The temperature on April 4, 1947 was between 2.0 °C and 11.0 °C and averaged 6.8 °C. There was 6.2 mm of rain during 3.7 hours. There was 0.2 hours of sunshine (2%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
January 22 » KTLA, the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River, begins operation in Hollywood.
March 12 » Cold War: The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
April 6 » The first Tony Awards are presented for theatrical achievement.
April 9 » The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride begins through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws. The riders wanted enforcement of the United States Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned racial segregation in interstate travel.
August 4 » The Supreme Court of Japan is established.
August 15 » India gains Independence from British rule after near 190 years of British company and crown rule, and joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P18326.php : accessed December 6, 2025), "James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil 4th Marquess of Salisbury (1861-1947)".
Copy warning
Genealogical publications are copyright protected. Although data is often retrieved from public archives, the searching, interpreting, collecting, selecting and sorting of the data results in a unique product. Copyright protected work may not simply be copied or republished.
Please stick to the following rules
Request permission to copy data or at least inform the author, chances are that the author gives permission, often the contact also leads to more exchange of data.
Do not use this data until you have checked it, preferably at the source (the archives).
State from whom you have copied the data and ideally also his/her original source.