February 6 » New York became the third state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
May 1 » American Revolution: The Battle of Crooked Billet begins in Hatboro, Pennsylvania.
July 4 » American Revolutionary War: U.S. forces under George Clark capture Kaskaskia during the Illinois campaign.
August 3 » The theatre La Scala in Milan is inaugurated with the première of Antonio Salieri's Europa riconosciuta.
September 7 » American Revolutionary War: France invades Dominica in the British West Indies, before Britain is even aware of France's involvement in the war.
September 17 » The Treaty of Fort Pitt is signed. It is the first formal treaty between the United States and a Native American tribe.
Day of death November 12, 1868
The temperature on November 12, 1868 was about 4.7 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 77%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 27 » Boshin War: The Battle of Toba–Fushimi begins, between forces of the Tokugawa shogunate and pro-Imperial factions; it will end in defeat for the shogunate, and is a pivotal point in the Meiji Restoration.
April 11 » Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
May 30 » Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern "Memorial Day") is observed in the United States for the first time after a proclamation by John A. Logan, head of the Grand Army of the Republic (a veterans group).
July 9 » The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
December 9 » The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
December 11 » Paraguayan War: Brazilian troops defeat Paraguayan at the Battle of Avay.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P17270.php : accessed January 18, 2026), "Thomas Mathews (1778-1868)".
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