The temperature on October 13, 1861 was about 18.1 °C. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 61%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
March 20 » An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.
April 6 » First performance of Arthur Sullivan's debut success, his suite of incidental music for The Tempest, leading to a career that included the famous Gilbert and Sullivan operas.
April 19 » American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
July 26 » American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
December 9 » American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.
Day of marriage January 28, 1886
The temperature on January 28, 1886 was about 3.3 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
March 1 » The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
May 1 » Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
June 10 » Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17km long fissure across the mountain peak.
June 30 » The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal, Quebec. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
July 3 » The New-York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
Day of death November 13, 1931
The temperature on November 13, 1931 was between 5.1 °C and 11.2 °C and averaged 7.4 °C. There was 0.7 hours of sunshine (8%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 7 » Guy Menzies flies the first solo non-stop trans-Tasman flight (from Australia to New Zealand) in 11 hours and 45 minutes, crash-landing on New Zealand's west coast.
March 11 » Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.
March 26 » Swissair is founded as the national airline of Switzerland.
May 14 » Five unarmed civilians are killed in the Ådalen shootings, as the Swedish military is called in to deal with protesting workers.
July 16 » Emperor Haile Selassie signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
October 1 » Clara Campoamor persuades the Constituent Cortes to enfranchise women in Spain's new constitution.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P14330.php : accessed January 7, 2026), "Elma Ellsworth Dows (1861-1931)".
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