Olga's tree » Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians (Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians) Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов (1818-1881)
Personal data Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians (Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians) Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов
Household of Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians (Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians) Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов
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Timeline Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians (Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians) Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов
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Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов 1818-1881
The temperature on April 29, 1818 was about 11.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 15 » A paper by David Brewster is read to the Royal Society, belatedly announcing his discovery of what we now call the biaxial class of doubly-refracting crystals. On the same day, Augustin-Jean Fresnel signs a "supplement" (submitted four days later) on reflection of polarized light.
March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
July 29 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.
September 7 » Carl III of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
December 13 » Cyril VI of Constantinople resigns from his position as Ecumenical Patriarch.
December 24 » The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.
Day of death March 13, 1881
The temperature on March 13, 1881 was about 6.7 °C. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 56%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
May 21 » The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton in Washington, D.C.
July 14 » Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
September 19 » U.S. President James A. Garfield dies of wounds suffered in a July 2 shooting. Vice President Chester A. Arthur becomes President upon Garfield's death.
November 3 » The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.
November 9 » Mapuche rebels attack the fortified Chilean settlement of Temuco.
December 4 » The first edition of the Los Angeles Times is published.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Maryna Zhubryk, "Olga's tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olgas-tree/I501975.php : accessed May 4, 2025), "Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians (Александр Alexander Николаевич Alexander II Nikolaevich Romanov, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russians) Romanov Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич Романов (1818-1881)".
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