Olga's tree » Alice Maud Mary Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1843-1878)

Christening day June 3, 1843

• The temperature on June 3, 1843 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1843: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.1 million citizens.
  • February 11 » Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi alla prima crociata receives its first performance in Milan, Italy.
  • June 26 » Treaty of Nanking comes into effect, Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British "in perpetuity".
  • July 19 » Brunel's steamship the SSGreat Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
  • September 3 » King Otto of Greece is forced to grant a constitution following an uprising in Athens.
  • November 28 » Ka Lā Hui (Hawaiian Independence Day): The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
  • December 16 » The discovery of octonions by John T. Graves, who denoted them with a boldface O, was announced to his mathematician friend William Hamilton, discoverer of quaternions, in a letter on this date.

Day of death December 14, 1878

• The temperature on December 14, 1878 was about -4.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m² and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1878: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 4 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule and designated the capital of Liberated Bulgaria.
  • January 28 » Yale Daily News becomes the first independent daily college newspaper in the United States.
  • March 3 » The Russo-Turkish War ends with Bulgaria regaining its independence from the Ottoman Empire according to the Treaty of San Stefano.
  • July 1 » Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
  • September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
  • December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.

Day of burial December 18, 1878

• The temperature on December 18, 1878 was about 1.2 °C. There was 0.8 mm of rain. The air pressure was 17 kgf/m² and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1878: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 9 » Umberto I becomes King of Italy.
  • February 18 » John Tunstall is murdered by outlaw Jesse Evans, sparking the Lincoln County War in Lincoln County, New Mexico.
  • March 24 » The British frigate HMSEurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
  • June 10 » League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
  • July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
  • October 15 » The Edison Electric Light Company begins operation.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1860 » George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Scottish-English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1784)
• 1861 » Albert, Prince Consort of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)
• 1865 » Johan Georg Forchhammer, Danish geologist and mineralogist (b. 1794)
• 1873 » Louis Agassiz, Swiss-American zoologist and geologist (b. 1807)
• 1878 » Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (b. 1843)
• 1912 » Belgrave Edward Sutton Ninnis, English lieutenant and explorer (b. 1887)