Navorska tree » Johann Diederich Kettler (1856-1945)

Christening day January 13, 1857

• The temperature on January 13, 1857 was about 1.0 °C. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1857: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 24 » The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia.
  • March 3 » Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.
  • March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
  • May 11 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: Indian rebels seize Delhi from the British.
  • August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
  • September 7 » Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers slaughter most members of peaceful, emigrant wagon train.

Day of marriage April 4, 1881

• The temperature on April 4, 1881 was about 7.2 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 46%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
• In the year 1881: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.5 million citizens.
  • April 11 » Spelman College is founded in Atlanta, Georgia as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, an institute of higher education for African-American women.
  • July 1 » General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
  • July 2 » Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds U.S. President James A. Garfield (who will die of complications from his wounds on September 19).
  • July 23 » The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.
  • September 19 » U.S. President James A. Garfield dies of wounds suffered in a July 2 shooting. Vice President Chester A. Arthur becomes President upon Garfield's death.
  • September 20 » U.S. President Chester A. Arthur is sworn in, the morning after becoming President upon James A. Garfield's death.

Day of death September 12, 1945

• The temperature on September 12, 1945 was between 11.7 °C and 22.2 °C and averaged 16.4 °C. There was 3.9 hours of sunshine (30%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 23, 1945 to June 24, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy III, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
• From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
• In the year 1945: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 9.2 million citizens.
  • April 23 » World War II: Adolf Hitler's designated successor, Hermann Göring, sends him a telegram asking permission to take leadership of the Third Reich. Martin Bormann and Joseph Goebbels advise Hitler that the telegram is treasonous.
  • April 25 » United Nations Conference on International Organization: Founding negotiations for the United Nations begin in San Francisco.
  • May 9 » World War II: The German occupation of the Channel Islands comes to an end.
  • May 9 » World War II: The final German Instrument of Surrender is signed at the Soviet headquarters in Berlin-Karlshorst.
  • August 30 » The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, comes into being.
  • December 19 » John Amery, British Fascist, is executed at the age of 33 by the British Government for treason.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1942 » Valentine Baker, Welsh co-founder of the Martin-Baker Aircraft Company (b. 1888)
• 1945 » Hajime Sugiyama, Japanese field marshal and politician, 44th Japanese Minister of War (b. 1880)
• 1949 » Erik Adolf von Willebrand, Finnish physician (b. 1870)
• 1953 » Hugo Schmeisser, German engineer (b. 1884)
• 1953 » James Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn, English politician, Governor of Northern Ireland (b. 1869)
• 1953 » Lewis Stone, American actor (b. 1879)