March 18 » The first modern republic in Germany, the Republic of Mainz, is declared by Andreas Joseph Hofmann.
July 22 » Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first recorded human to complete a transcontinental crossing of North America.
September 17 » War of the Pyrenees: France defeats a Spanish force at the Battle of Peyrestortes.
November 3 » French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
November 10 » A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.
Day of death December 8, 1863
The temperature on December 8, 1863 was about 7.8 °C. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 4 » The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany.
May 18 » American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg begins.
July 7 » The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
July 9 » American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends, giving the Union complete control of the Mississippi River.
August 4 » Matica slovenská, Slovakia's public-law cultural and scientific institution focusing on topics around the Slovak nation, is established in Martin.
September 9 » American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Mann Spencer, "Mann Spencer Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/mann-spencer-tree/P1008.php : accessed February 6, 2026), "Rachel Curtis (1793-1863)".
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