March 18 » The first modern republic in Germany, the Republic of Mainz, is declared by Andreas Joseph Hofmann.
August 10 » The Musée du Louvre is officially opened in Paris, France.
October 13 » French Revolutionary Wars: Austro-Prussian victory over Republican France at the First Battle of Wissembourg.
November 3 » French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
December 9 » New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster.
Day of death December 8, 1863
The temperature on December 8, 1863 was about 7.8 °C. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 1 » American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate territory.
January 8 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield.
June 9 » American Civil War: Battle of Brandy Station, Virginia.
July 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
September 9 » American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
November 18 » King Christian IX of Denmark signs the November constitution that declares Schleswig to be part of Denmark. This is seen by the German Confederation as a violation of the London Protocol and leads to the German–Danish war of 1864.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Mann Spencer, "Mann Spencer Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/mann-spencer-tree/P1008.php : accessed February 3, 2026), "Rachel Curtis (1793-1863)".
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