January 7 » French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais, the last continental possession of England.
April 24 » Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the Dauphin of France, François, at Notre Dame de Paris.
July 13 » Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
October 17 » Poczta Polska, the Polish postal service, is founded.
November 17 » Elizabethan era begins: Queen Mary I of England dies and is succeeded by her half-sister Elizabeth I of England.
March 20 » The Dutch East India Company is established.
November 8 » The Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford is opened to the public.
December 11 » A surprise attack by forces under the command of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his brother-in-law, Philip III of Spain, is repelled by the citizens of Geneva. (Commemorated annually by the Fête de l'Escalade.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Conor Allen, "Lineage Conor Allen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/lineage-conor-allen/I432462986247.php : accessed June 25, 2024), "Philipp Emanuel Lorraine Lotharingen (1558-1602)".
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