January 28 » The Russian Academy of Sciences is founded in St. Petersburg by Peter the Great, and implemented by Senate decree. It is called the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.
April 7 » Premiere performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's St John Passion, BWV245, at St. Nicholas Church, Leipzig.
November 11 » Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London.
December 7 » Tumult of Thorn: Religious unrest is followed by the execution of nine Protestant citizens and the mayor of Thorn (Toruń) by Polish authorities.
Day of death October 31, 1778
The temperature on October 31, 1778 was about 13.0 °C. There was 777 mm of rainWind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: geheel betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: . Source: KNMI
February 9 » Rhode Island becomes the fourth US state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
February 14 » The United States flag is formally recognized by a foreign naval vessel for the first time, when French Admiral Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte renders a nine gun salute to USSRanger, commanded by John Paul Jones.
July 4 » American Revolutionary War: U.S. forces under George Clark capture Kaskaskia during the Illinois campaign.
August 3 » The theatre La Scala in Milan is inaugurated with the première of Antonio Salieri's Europa riconosciuta.
August 26 » The first recorded ascent of Triglav, the highest mountain in Slovenia.
December 15 » American Revolutionary War: British and French fleets clash in the Battle of St. Lucia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jacobus Trox, "Lap family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/lap-stamboom/I1817.php : accessed January 4, 2026), "Elsabé Spaer (1724-1778)".
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