The temperature on October 10, 1783 was about 10.0 °C. There was 110 mm of rainWind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
January 20 » The Kingdom of Great Britain signed preliminary articles of peace with France, setting the stage to the official end of hostilities in the American Revolutionary War later that year.
April 15 » Preliminary articles of peace ending the American Revolutionary War (or American War of Independence) are ratified.
April 18 » Three-Fifths Compromise: the first instance of black slaves in the United States of America being counted as three fifths of persons (for the purpose of taxation), in a resolution of the Congress of the Confederation. This was later adopted in the 1787 Constitution.
July 24 » The Kingdom of Georgia and the Russian Empire sign the Treaty of Georgievsk.
November 3 » The American Continental Army is disbanded.
December 23 » George Washington resigns as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army at the Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland.
Day of death July 19, 1865
The temperature on July 19, 1865 was about 21.6 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 1 » President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
March 2 » East Cape War: The Völkner Incident in New Zealand.
May 9 » American Civil War: Nathan Bedford Forrest surrenders his forces at Gainesville, Alabama.
June 19 » Over two years after the Emancipation Proclamation, slaves in Galveston, Texas, United States, are finally informed of their freedom. The anniversary is still officially celebrated in Texas and 41 other contiguous states as Juneteenth.
July 21 » In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first western showdown.
November 18 » Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in the New York Saturday Press.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I604494.php : accessed January 27, 2026), "Sjieuwke Jitzes Sikkema (1783-1865)".
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